Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. – Supreme Court Justice from 1902-1932

-        Nominated by Teddy Roosevelt

-        Holmes was known for his pithy, short, and frequently quoted opinions.

-        By the time Holmes was 80, he had dissented in so many opinions that he became known as "The Great Dissenter,"

-        In a series of opinions during and after the First World War, he held that the freedom of expression guaranteed by federal and state constitutions simply declared a common-law privilege to do harm, except in cases where the expression, in the circumstances in which it was uttered, posed a "clear and present danger" of causing some harm that the legislature had properly forbidden. In Schenck v. United States, Holmes announced this doctrine for a unanimous Court, famously declaring that the First Amendment would not protect a person "falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic."